Diamond is an exceptional result of nature, composed of carbon, one of the most common elements on Earth. Compared to other minerals, a diamond may appear to be simply "carbon in crystalline form," but the reality is much more magical. The structure of the carbon in a diamond is specific – its atoms bond very strongly in a cubic crystal lattice, giving it the hardness and brilliance we associate with perfection.
How a diamond is formed
Diamonds are formed in the depths of the Earth at temperatures over 1000 °C and extreme pressures, roughly 150 to 200 kilometers below the Earth's surface. This process can take millions to billions of years. When these rocks are brought to the surface, usually during volcanic eruptions, they become witnesses to human desire, science and art.
Crystallization and classification of diamonds
The crystal structure of diamond, unlike other forms of carbon, is perfectly ordered, making it extremely hard and one of the most brilliantly shining gemstones. Diamonds are classified according to the so-called 4C: carat weight (carat), clarity (clarity), color (color) and cut (cut). Each of these factors contributes to a diamond's unique appearance and value. When all the qualities come together, a gem is created that is incomparable to anything else.
Physical properties and optical magic
Diamond is known for its extreme hardness – it is the hardest natural material. It has a hardness of 10 on the Mohs hardness scale, which makes it exceptionally durable and suitable for jewelry making. The optical property we call brilliance, the ability to refract light to create a dazzling spectrum of colors, is what gives a diamond its stunning brilliance.
Where we find diamonds and how they are mined
Diamonds are found all over the world, but the most famous deposits are in Russia, South Africa, Botswana and Canada. Diamond mining involves sophisticated procedures to separate the precious gemstone from the rock in which it was formed. Today's mining is carefully monitored to be as environmentally friendly as possible.
Processing: from rough stone to gem
When processing a diamond, its natural shapes and lines must be used to make the most of its size and properties. The process involves cutting, grinding and polishing to give the diamond its final appearance. Each step requires expert skill and precision – a single wrong cut can lose up to tens of percent of its value.
Modifications and synthetic diamonds
Some diamonds undergo treatments to bring out their natural beauty – for example, enhancing the color or removing minor impurities. Synthetic diamonds then represent scientific progress that makes it possible to create diamonds in laboratory conditions with properties very similar to natural ones.
Diamonds as an investment: where to direct your money
Investing in diamonds has long been considered a safe haven, especially in times of economic uncertainty. Diamonds retain value and their rarity, durability and beauty make them prized collectibles. The best choice for investment is natural diamonds of high quality, which includes stones with exceptional clarity, color and cut, most often weighing more than 1 carat. Colored diamonds, such as pink, blue or yellow, which are very rare and rarely seen, tend to increase in value as an investment. Classic white diamonds certified by renowned laboratories such as GIA (Gemological Institute of America) are also a stable choice – their authenticity and quality are carefully documented, adding to the trust and security of the investment.
Collecting and use in jewellery
Diamonds are not only an investment, but also a jewel that can be the bearer of a story or a symbol of lasting value. Their irresistible luster and unique properties make them not only beloved jewels, but also artifacts passed down from generation to generation.
History and folklore
Diamonds have fascinated mankind for millennia. The ancient Romans and Greeks believed that diamonds were fragments of stars or tears of the gods. In the Middle Ages, they were attributed healing properties and were believed to protect the wearer from evil. Today they are a symbol of love, strength and eternal beauty.
